These exceptional members are:

Education

Winchester College 1951-56
Trinity College Cambrige 1956-59
Birmingham Medical School 1959-62
Further education by colleagues still continues!

Qualifications

BA Cambridge 1959
MB BChir Cambridge 1962
MRCP 1964
MD with Honours, Birmingham, Thesis The Endocrinology of Injury 1970
FRCP 1977

Posts held

1962 House Physician and Surgeon, Depts Medicine and Surgery: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham
1963-4 House Physician, Hammersmith and Brompton Hospitals, London
1964-7 Registrar, Dept of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham
1967-8 MRC Research Fellow, Dept Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham
1968-70 MRC Research Fellow to Professor Philip Randall, Dept of Biochemistry, University of Bristol
1970-72 Wellcome Senior Research Fellow, Dept of Medicine, Bristol Royal Infirmary
1972-2003 Consultant, Physician, Nottingham University Hospitals
1983- 2002 Director of Nutritional Support Team and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham
1996-2005 Professor in Clinical Nutrition, University of Nottingham

ESPEN Posts

1984-87 UK Representative on Council
1987- 2002 Editor in Chief, Clinical Nutrition
1987-93 Member of Executive Committee
1998-2002 Chairman

Other Appointments, Honours etc
1961 Nuffield Scolarship in Tropical Medicine, University of Makerere, Uganda
1976 Visiting Professor, University of Virginia
1978 Visiting Professor, University of Rochester New York
1987-2005 Consulting Adviser to British National Formulary: sections on Nutrition and Fluid and electrolytes
1990 Otsuka Visiting Lecturer, Japan
1991 Member, Kings Fund Working Party: A Positive Approach to Nutrition as Treatment
1991-1998 Member Council BAPEN
1992 Arvid Wretlind Lecturer ESPEN Vienna: Uses and Limitations of Nutritional Support
1994 Danone Visiting Professor, University of Antwerp
1996 Chairman and Editor, BAPEN Report: Hospital Food as Treatment
1996-2002 Member of Advisory Committee on Borderline Substances. Dept of Health UK
2000 Hon Member Faculty and Medal, Charles University, Czech Republic
2001 Arvid Wretlind Lecture, Polish Society of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition
2002 Gunnar Levins Lecture Swedish Medical Society
2002 Oliver- Sharpey Prize and Lecture, Royal College of Physicians, London
2002-3 Member of Royal College of Physicians Working Party:' Nutrition and Patients, a Doctors Responsibility'

Associate editor/section editor/editorial Board; Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition, Current Opinion, JPEN

Research

Metabolic Response to injury.

First description failure of Insulin secretion in shock phase and subsequent insulin resistance after injury 1967-71.
Then showed reduction of protein catabolic response and enhanced salt excretion ( after injury) with Insulin1971-79.
Early interest in fluid and electrolyte changes and their interaction with nutrition and metabolism started in 1964 and continue to the present day with studies in cardiac
and general surgery, burns and trauma.

Recent demonstration with Lobo of the inhibition of gastric emptying by fluid overload in postoperative patients.

Described use of self-administered subcutaneous fluid infusions at home in patients
with fluid and electrolyte GI losses.

Worked with Randle on glucose fatty acid cycle.

Described adverse effect of undernutrition on thermoregulation in a series of studies
with MacDonald and others, showing failure to increase metabolic rate in response to cold, restored by refeeding.
Involved in early development of fine bore enteral feeding and other practical aspects of nutritional support, including Nutrition Teams, organisation, audit, and monitoring.

One of the first controlled trials with Bastow showing improved outcome following nutritional support after fractured femur.

Several studies of effects of nutritional support on mental and physical function in the clinical setting setting.

Several studies related to hospital food waste and consumption, leading to improved policies and organisation to improve patient Nutrition.

First description with colleagues of Home Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring by Diabetics, now the standard method of monitoring.

Other studies and publications in the fields of General Medicine, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism.


Some Publications
1 Allison. SP,Tomlin P, Chamberlain MJ. Some effects of Anaesthesia and Surgery on carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Br J Anaesth 1969; 41, 588
2 Allison SP, Hinton P, Chamberlain MJ. Intravenous glucose tolerance, insulin and free fatty acids in burned patients. Lancet 1968, ii, 1, 113.
3 Woolfson AMJ, Heatley RV, Allison SP, Insulin to reduce protein catabolism after injury. New Eng J Med 1979 300, 14-17.
4 Bastow MD, Rawlings J, Allison SP, Benefits of supplementary tube feeding after fractured neck of femur: a randomised controlled trial. Br Med J 1983, 287, 1589-1592.
5 Fellows IW, Macdonald IA, BennettT, Allison SP, The effect of undernutrition on thermoregulation in the elderly. Clin Sci 1985,69, 525-532
6 Shields PL Field J, Rawlings J, Allison S.P. Long term outcome and cost-effectiveness of parenteral nutrition in gastrointestinal failure. Clin Nutr 1996, 15, 64-68
7 Barton AD, Beigg CL, Macdonald IA, Allison SP, High food wastage and low nutritional intake in hospital patients. Clin Nutr 2000, 19, 445-449.
8 Lobo DN, Bostock KA, Neal KR, Perkins AC Rowlands BJ. Effect of salt and water balance on recovery of gastrintestinal function after elective colonic resection. Lancet 2002,359, 11812-1818.

Yvon A. Carpentier completed medical school and a residency in surgery at the
Free University of Brussels (ULB), Belgium. After a short training in Stockholm
(Prof. Arvid Wretlind) and Montpellier (Prof. C. Solassol and H. Joyeux), he initiated nutritional support in Belgium in 1973. He benefited from post-doctoral Fulbright and NATO fellowships to undergo research in lipid metabolism at the Rockefeller University (Prof. J. Hirsch) and in surgical metabolism at Columbia University (Prof. J.M. Kinney), New York City in 1977–1978. After returning to Brussels, he became director of the L. Deloyers Laboratory for Experimental Surgery, ULB and he is currently director of the Lipid Clinic, Cardiovascular Center, Hôpital Erasme. He is professor of pathological biochemistry and of nutrition at the ULB.
Y.A. Carpentier was among the founders of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) in 1979 and chairman of ESPEN (1994–1998).
He is currently president of the International Confederation of Nutrition Support Organizations (ICNSO). His main research interest is in lipid metabolism and its relationship to cardiovascular diseases and in the development of new lipid preparations. He has published over 200 papers in this field.
Y.A. Carpentier has served as visiting professor and lecturer in Europe, the USA, Latin America, Asia and Israel. He has delivered over 250 invited and guest lectures.
He was elected doctor Honoris Causa of the University of Pleven (Bulgaria) in 2004. He serves on the National Council of Nutrition (Belgium) and is one of the Editors-in-Chief of Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care.

References

1.- Carpentier Y.A., Jeevanandam M., Elwyn D.H., Nordenstrom J., Hirsch J., Kinney J.M. Measurement of glycerol turnover by infusion of non isotopic glycerol in normal and injured subjects. Am J Physiol 1984; 247 : E405-E411.

2.- Askanazi J., Carpentier Y.A., Elwyn D.H., Nordenstrom J., Jeevanandam M., Rosenbaum S.H., Gump F.E., Kinney J.M. Influence of total parenteral nutrition on fuel utilization in injury and sepsis. Ann Surg 1980; 191 : 40-46.

3.- Nordenstrom J., Carpentier Y.A., Askanazi J., Robin A.P., Elwyn D.H., Kinney J.M. Free fatty acid mobilization and oxidation during total parenteral nutrition in trauma and sepsis. Ann Surg 1983; 198 : 725-735.

4.- Rössle C., Carpentier Y.A., Richelle M., Dahlan W., D'Attellis N.P., Fürst P., Elwyn D.H. Medium chain Triglycerides induce alterations in carnitine metabolism. Am J Physiol 1990; 258 : E944-E947.

5.- Richelle M., Deckelbaum R.J., Carpentier Y.A. Long chain vs medium chain triacylglycerol intravenous emulsions in lipid exchange processes with human plasma low density lipoprotein. Biochemistry 1994; 33: 4872-4878.

6.- Granot E., Schwiegelshohn B., Tabas I., Gorecki M., Vogel T., Carpentier Y.A., Deckelbaum R.J. Effects of particle size on cell uptake of model triglyceride-rich particles with and without apoprotein E. Biochemistry 1994; 33: 15190-15197.

7.- Qi K, Seo T., Al-Haideri M., Worgall T.S., Vogel T., Carpentier Y.A., Deckelbaum R.J. Omega-3 triglycerides modify blood clearance and tissue targeting pathways of lipid emulsions. Biochemistry 2002; 41 (9) : 3119-3127.

8.- Carpentier Y.A., Scruel O. Changes in the concentration and composition of plasma lipoproteins during the acute phase response. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2002; 5 : 153-158.

9.- Simoens Ch., Deckelbaum R.J., Carpentier Y.A. Metabolism of defined structured triglyceride particles compared to mixtures of medium and long chain triglycerids intravenously infused in dogs. Clin Nutr 2004; 23 : 665-672

10.- Hacquebard M., Ducart A., Schmartz D., Tembo N., Carpentier Y.A. Tocopherol in lipoproteins and blood cells following cardiac surgery. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2004; 1031 : 1-3.

Professor Grimble is Professor of Nutrition at Southampton University Medical School, United Kingdom. He obtained a Joint Honours B.Sc in Physiology and Biochemistry and a Ph.D. in Nutritional Biochemistry at the University of Wales in 1964 and 68 respectively. He is a registered Nutritionist.
He carried out post-doctoral research into the biochemistry of infant malnutrition at the Medical Research Council Infant Nutrition Division of the Dunn Nutrition Laboratory in Cambridge and at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
He was appointed to a lecturing post in the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry at Southampton University upon formation of the Medical School in 1971. Professor Grimble received a personal chair at Southampton in 1994.
During his career at Southampton Professor Grimble initially carried out research into the effects of nutrition on metabolism during pregnancy and lactation but for the past twenty years has researched into the interaction of nutrition, genetics and inflammation.
In 2002 he was the first to demonstrate that the ability of fish oil to suppress TNF-α production by leukocytes was influenced by genotype and in 2003 gave the first demonstration that fish oil reduces inflammation in plaques of patients with severe atherosclerosis. A paper by Professor Grimble, on the finding that the lipid-lowering effects of fish oil, in middle aged men, was modulated by cytokine genotype was awarded the prize for the best paper in the ESPEN journal, Clinical Science, in 2004.  
Recent research, supported by the BBSRC and industry, has also examined the metabolic response to surgery, the influence of vitamin E on inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, the influence of genomics and inflammation on morbidity and mortality in cancer and in the elderly, and the influence of genomics on clinical outcome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
In addition to teaching and research at Southampton University he was seconded to the University of Ghana at Legon by the Ministry of Overseas Development from 1977 to 1979.
For many years Professor Grimble has been active on the executives of national and international scientific societies devoted to Nutrition. He served as Programmes Secretary and Secretary to the Nutrition Society, as the UK representative of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies and as Chairman and member of the scientific committee of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
He currently co-chairs the ESPEN special interest group devoted to Genomics and Nutrition, with Dr Rocco Barazzoni,. Professor Grimble is a frequent contributor to international conferences on Clinical Nutrition and contributes regularly to Clinical Nutrition courses organised by ESPEN, Nestle and Southampton University.

Recent publications

Grimble RF Stress proteins in disease: metabolism on a knife edge. Clin Nutr 2001;20:469-76

Grimble RF Nutritional modulation of immune function. Proc Nutr Soc 2001, 60:389-97

Grimble RF  Inflammatory status and insulin resistance. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2002; 5: 551-559

Grimble RF, Howell WM, O’Reilly G, Turner SJ, Markovic O, Hirrell J, East JM, Calder PC. The ability of fish oil to suppress tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy men is associated  with polymorphisms in genes which influence TNF-alpha production. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76: 454-459.

Grimble RF.  Inflammatory response in the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2003; 6: 21-29

Thies F, Garry JMC., Yaqoob P, Rerkasem K, Chulakadabba A, Williams J, Shearman, CP, Gallagher PJ, Calder PC, Grimble RF. Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomized trial. Lancet, 2003, 361: 477-485

Paoloni-Giacobino A, Grimble R, Pichard C. Genomic interactions with disease and nutrition. Clin Nutr 2003; 22: 507-514

Markovic O, O’Reilly G, Fussell HM., Turner SJ, Calder PC, Howell WM, Grimble RF. Role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of proinflammatory cytokine genes on the relationship between serum lipids and inflammatory parameters, and the lipid-lowering effect of fish oil in healthy males. Clin Nutr 2004; 23: 1084-1095.

Broekhuizen R, Grimble RF, Howell WM, Shale DJ, Creutzberg EC, Wouters EF, Schols AM. Pulmonary cachexia, systemic inflammatory profile and the IL-1β-511 single nucleotide polymorphism. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82: 1059-1064

Carrero J.J., Grimble R.F. Does Nutrition have a role in peripheral vascular disease? British Journal of Nutrition. 2006; 95: 217-229.

Grimble R.F. The effects of sulfur amino acid intake on immune function in humans. Journal of Nutrition. 2006; 136: 1S-6S.

Deans C, Rose-Zerilli M, Wigmore S, Ross J, Howell M, Jackson A, Grimble R, Fearon K.   Host cytokine genotype is related to adverse prognosis and systemic inflammation in gastrointestinal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2007;14:329-39

Luu NT, Madden J, Calder PC, Grimble RF,Shearman CP,Chan T, Rainger GE, Nash GB.Comparison of the pro-inflammatory potential of monocytes from healthy adults and those with peripheral arterial disease using an in vitro culture model. Atherosclerosis 2007;193: 259-268

Cederholm T, Persson M, Andersson P, Stenvinkel P, Nordfors L, Madden J, Vedin I, Wretlind B, Grimble RF, Palmblad J.  Polymorphisms in cytokine genes influence long-term survival differently  in elderly male and female patients. J Int Med 2007; 262: 215-223.

Madden J, Brunner A, Dastur ND, Tan RM, Nash GB, Ed Rainger G, Shearman CP, Calder PC, Grimble RF. Fish oil induced increase in walking distance, but not ankle brachial pressure index, in peripheral arterial disease is dependent on both body mass index and inflammatory genotype. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007; 76: 331-340.

Qualifications: M.B., B.S. (Madras) 1959, M.R.C.P (Lond) 1961, Ph.D. (Lond) 1963,
F.R.C.P. (Edin) 1966, F.R.C.P. (C) 1968, F.R.C.P. (Lond) 1976. Jul. 1975-2001 Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto. Jul. 1981-2001 Cross-appointed Professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto. Jul. 1984-2001 Cross-appointed Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto. July 2002- Professor Emeritus Department of Medicine, University of Toronto. July 1990- Gastroenterologist St. Michaels Hospital and Director of Nutrition support.

Prizes and Awards: 22

Book chapters: 140

Peer Reviewed Papers: 301

Clinical Interests. Inflammatory bowel disease, Malabsorption and Short Bowel syndrome and colon cancer.

Research Interests.
The broad theme of my research is the assessment of nutritional status, nutrient requirement in the “sick patient”, and the interaction of disease and nutrition. In this context the following clinical and basic studies have been done.

1. Energy and protein requirements in sick patients. I was selected for the Cuthbertson Lecture Award of the European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition for these studies.

2. Nutritional Assessment. I developed and validated Subjective Global Assessment the value of which has since been confirmed by others in surgical patients, renal failure and hepatic transplantation .

3. Current Projects:
a. Functional effects of nutrition.
b. Mitochondrial energetics and Nutrition
c. Effect of Nutrients on Pro-inflammatory cytokines and Apoptosis. I am currently funded by the CIHR to examine the effect of nutrients in cytokines and apoptosis.

Publications:
1. Baker, J., A.S. Detsky, D.E. Wesson, S.L. Wolman, S. Stewart, J. Whitwell, B. Langer and K.N. Jeejeebhoy. Nutritional assessment: a comparison of clinical judgment and objective measurements. N Engl J Med 306: 969-972, 1982.
2. Thompson A, Damyanovich A, Madapallimattam A, Mikalus A, Allard J, Jeejeebhoy KN. 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance studies of bioenergetic changes in skeletal muscle in malnourished human adults. Am J Clin Nutr 67(1):39-43, 1998. MRC MT-12658.
3. Nilima Raina, LaMarre J, Liew CC, Lofti AH, Jeejeebhoy KN. Effect of nutrition on the expression of plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors, membrane TNF receptors and mRNA of TNF receptors in rats receiving oral and parenteral nutrition. Am J Physiol 277 (3 pt 1): E464-E473, 1999.

4. Nilima Raina and Khursheed N. Jeejeebhoy. Effect of low protein diet and protein supplementation on the expressions of TNF-α, TNFR-1 and TNFR-11 in organs and muscle of LPS injected rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol and Metab 286:E481-E487, 2004.

5. Briet F, Twomey C, and Jeejeebhoy KN. Effect of feeding malnourished patients for 1 mo on mitochondrial complex I activity and nutritional assessment measurements. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 May;79(5):787-94.

Prof. Soeters studied medicine at the Municipal University in Amsterdam. After he graduated he started his training in surgery in 1970. From 1974 until 1976 he worked as a research and clinical fellow in Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. In 1977 he was registered as a surgeon. In 1979 he obtained his Ph.D. degree from the Maastricht University on the thesis “Hepatic encephalopathy: a new perspective for therapy”. Since 1976 he is working in the department of Surgery of the University Hospital Maastricht; from 1979 as a member of the staff. In 1984 he was appointed as Associate Professor, and in 1988 as Professor of Surgery, especially in the fields of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition. He is chairman of the department of Gastrointestinal Surgery.
Prof. Soeters has been chairman of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN), of the board of Directors of NUTRIM (Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht) and was director of the Division Acute Interventions Academical Hospital Maastricht. As ESPEN chairman he initiated the ACCN-ESPEN courses and has since then organized 14 of these courses in consecutive years. He also initiated the Basic ESPEN Nutrition courses. As chairman of ESPEN he gave the green light to Professor Sobotka to edit the ESPEN book on Clinical Nutrition.

Furthermore he served on the board of several scientific national and international organizations and societies. He is member of organizations and societies in Surgery, Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Intensive Care Medicine and Clinical Nutrition. He is the former President of the International Association for Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition (IASMEN). His research interests regarded amino acid metabolism, body composition and complex and complicated gastrointestinal surgery. Prof. Soeters is the (co-) author of several books and of over 350 articles (over 200 listed in Pubmed) and has been promotor of some 30 Ph.D. students. He serves on the editorial board of several international scientific journals.

Publications:

Genton L, van Gemert W, Pichard C, Soeters PB
Physiological functions should be considered as true end points of nutritional interventional studies.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2005; 64 (3): 285-96

Luiking YC, Deutz NE, Jakel M, Soeters PB
Casein and soy protein meals differentially affect whole-body and splanchnic protein metabolism in healthy humans.
J Nutr 2005; 135 (5): 1080-7

Hulsewe KW, van der Hulst RW, van Acker BA, von Meyenfeldt MF, Soeters PB
Inflammation rather than nutritional depletion determines glutamine concentrations and intestinal permeability
Clin Nutr 2004; 23(5): 1209-6

Cox-Reijven PL, van Kreel B, Soeters PB
Bioelectrical impedance measurements in patients with gastrointestinal disease: validation of the spectrum approach and a comparison of different methods for screening for nutritional depletion
Am J Clin Nutr. 2003: 78(6): 1111-9

Olde Damink SW, Jalan R, Deutz NE, Redhead DN, Dejong CH, Hynd P, Hayes PC, Soeters PB
The kidney plays a major role in the hyperammonemia seen after simulated or actual GI bleeding in patients with cirrhosis
Hepatology 2003; 37 (6): 1277-85

Bruins MJ, Deutz NE, Soeters PB
Aspects of organ protein, amino acid and glucose metabolism in a porcine model of hypermetabolic sepsis
Clin Sci (Lond) 2003 ; 104 (2) : 127-41

Olde Damink SW, Jalan R, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Deutz NE, Soeters PB
Interorgan ammonia and amino acid metabolism in metabolically stable patients with cirrhosis and a TIPSS
Hepatology 2002; 36 (5): 1163-71

Olde Damink SW, Deutz NE, Dejong CH, Soeters PB, Jalan R
Interorgan ammonia metabolism in liver failure
Neurochem Int. 2002; 41 (2-3): 177-88. Review

Welters CF, Heineman E, Thunissen FB, van den Bogaard AE, Soeters PB, Baeten CG
Effect of dietary inulin supplementation on inflammation of pouch mucosa in patients with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis
Dis Colon Rectum 2002; 45 (5): 621-7

Soeters PB, de Zoete JP, Dejong CH, Williams NS, Baeten CG
Colorectal surgery and anastomotic leakage
Dig Surg 2002; 19(2): 150-5 . Review

Sir David Cuthbertson made an immense contribution across the field of nutrition, but especially in his studies on metabolism after trauma and in severe illness.

When he was knighted by the Queen in 1965 for his services to nutrition, he prepared this crest - which apart from recognising the importance of laboratory animals in the study of nutrition and metabolism, carried this excellent maxim - the need to understand the scientific basis of nutrition and then use that knowledge for practical benefit to patients.

He was an enthusiastic golfer until the day he died at the age of 89 - an excellent example of the beneficial effects of good food, exercise and the right genes. One of the few ways I was able to impress him was on the golf course (Prof. A. Shenkin).

He published widely across the range of nutrition - here holding one of the 5 volumes of his published works.